Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is a spectacular tropical shrub native to Asia, prized for its enormous, brilliantly colored blooms that last just a single day. It symbolizes beauty, femininity, and power, and holds the status of national flower across several countries.
Malvaceae (Mallow family)
Year-round in tropical climates; summer through autumn in temperate zones; each individual flower lasts only one day
Symbolism & Meanings
Key Meanings
Perfect For
Color Meanings
Similar flowers: canna lilys and roses also share similar meanings.
Cultural Significance
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis holds extraordinary cultural significance across tropical Asia and the Pacific. It is the national flower of Malaysia, where it is called Bunga Raya, meaning "celebratory flower," and appears on coins and government insignia. It is also the state flower of Hawaii, though the native yellow pua aloalo is the official state flower. In many Asian cultures, hibiscus is associated with feminine beauty, sensuality, and divine feminine energy. In Hindu worship, red hibiscus flowers are sacred to the goddess Kali and Ganesha and are offered daily at temples. In Chinese culture the flower represents fame and glory. In the Caribbean and Latin America hibiscus tea made from dried flowers is a beloved traditional beverage and remedy. The species name rosa-sinensis means "rose of China," underscoring its long history of cultivation in East Asia.Shop Our Floral Collection
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Physical Characteristics
Natural Habitat
Growing Guide
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; more sun produces more abundant blooms; tolerates light shade but flowers less freely
Water
Consistent and even moisture; does not like to dry out completely; roots should remain evenly moist but not waterlogged
Soil
Rich and fertile, Moist but well-drained, Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 5.5-7.0), Humus-rich
Expert Growing Tips
Plant in full sun in rich, well-drained soil; avoid planting near sources of cold drafts or dry heat indoors
Feed regularly with a high-potassium fertilizer during the growing season to encourage continuous blooming
Prune by about half in early spring to maintain shape and encourage vigorous new growth, as flowers appear on new wood
Bring container plants indoors before temperatures drop below 50F (10C); overwinter in a bright, warm position
Be aware that moving the plant can cause bud and leaf drop as it is sensitive to environmental changes; choose its final position carefully
Uses & Benefits
Ornamental Uses
- Tropical and subtropical garden specimen shrub
- Hedges, screens, and privacy plantings in warm climates
- Container and patio plants that can be overwintered indoors
- Houseplants in bright, warm conservatories and greenhouses
- Cut flower arrangements (flowers last longer when cut in bud)
Traditional Uses
- The flowers are used in traditional medicine across Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean for their reported anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties; commonly consumed as hibiscus tea
- In some Asian traditions, the flowers are used topically for hair care; mucilage from the petals and leaves has been used as a hair conditioner and to treat scalp conditions
Disclaimer: Information provided is for educational purposes only. Consult healthcare professionals before using any plant medicinally.
Further Reading
Frequently Asked Questions about the Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis
What does the hibiscus flower symbolize?
Hibiscus symbolizes beauty, femininity, and passion in many cultures. Red hibiscus is sacred in Hindu worship, offered to goddesses Kali and Ganesha. In Malaysia the national hibiscus represents glory and celebration, while in Chinese tradition it represents fame and good fortune.
Why do hibiscus flowers only last one day?
Each individual hibiscus flower is naturally short-lived, opening in the morning and wilting by evening. This is a normal trait of the species. However, healthy plants produce a constant succession of new buds throughout the growing season, keeping the plant in near-continuous bloom.
Can hibiscus rosa-sinensis survive outdoors in cold climates?
No, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is a tropical plant and cannot tolerate frost or sustained temperatures below about 50F (10C). In cooler climates it must be grown in containers and brought indoors for winter, or treated as a warm-season annual that is replaced each year.
What is the national flower of Malaysia?
The national flower of Malaysia is Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, locally called Bunga Raya or "celebratory flower." It appears on Malaysian coins and government documents and was officially proclaimed the national flower in 1960.
How do I make my hibiscus bloom more?
Provide maximum sun, feed regularly with a potassium-rich fertilizer, keep the soil consistently moist, and prune in early spring to encourage new growth, as flowers are produced on new wood. Avoid moving the plant once it is budding to prevent bud drop.
Available Colors
Quick Facts
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