Columbine
Aquilegia vulgaris (and other spp.)
Columbine is an elegant perennial with distinctive spurred flowers in various colors. It symbolizes courage, determination, and spiritual growth.
Ranunculaceae (Buttercup family)
Late spring to early summer (May-July)
Symbolism & Meanings
Key Meanings
Perfect For
Color Meanings
Similar flowers: salvias and penstemons also share similar meanings.
Cultural Significance
Named after the Latin "aquila" (eagle) for its spur shape resembling eagle talons, or "columba" (dove) for its dove-like appearance. In Christian symbolism, it represented the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit. State flower of Colorado, symbolizing resilience in harsh mountain conditions.Botanical Information
Physical Characteristics
Natural Habitat
Growing Guide
Sunlight
Partial shade to full sun, prefers morning sun with afternoon shade
Water
Moderate moisture, good drainage essential, drought tolerant
Soil
Well-drained, Fertile, Slightly alkaline, Rocky or sandy
Expert Growing Tips
Allow to self-seed for naturalized colonies
Deadhead spent flowers to prolong blooming
Provide good air circulation to prevent powdery mildew
Short-lived perennial, usually 2-3 years, but self-seeds readily
Plant in fall or early spring from seed
Uses & Benefits
Ornamental Uses
- Cottage garden borders and perennial beds
- Woodland gardens and naturalized areas
- Rock gardens and alpine plantings
- Cut flowers for delicate arrangements
- Spring pollinator gardens
Traditional Uses
- Historically used in folk medicine for skin conditions
- Seeds were once used for treating parasites (now considered unsafe)
- Note: All parts contain alkaloids and should not be consumed
Disclaimer: Information provided is for educational purposes only. Consult healthcare professionals before using any plant medicinally.
Further Reading
Frequently Asked Questions about the Columbine
What does columbine symbolize?
Columbine symbolizes courage, determination, and spiritual growth. It's also associated with wisdom and peace, making it popular in memorial and spiritual gardens.
Are columbines easy to grow?
Yes, columbines are relatively easy to grow and often self-seed. They prefer well-drained soil and partial shade, and are quite drought tolerant once established.
How long do columbine plants live?
Individual columbine plants are short-lived perennials, typically lasting 2-3 years, but they readily self-seed to maintain colonies in the garden.
When do columbines bloom?
Columbines bloom in late spring to early summer (May-July), producing their distinctive spurred flowers that attract hummingbirds and butterflies.
Available Colors
Quick Facts
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Salvia
Salvia splendens (and other spp.)
Salvia produces vibrant spikes of tubular flowers in brilliant colors. Part of the mint family, these drought-tolerant plants symbolize wisdom and healing.
Penstemon
Penstemon spp.
Penstemon, commonly called Beardtongue, produces spikes of tubular flowers beloved by hummingbirds. These hardy perennials symbolize courage, spiritual strength, and the rugged beauty of the American West.
Hellebore
Helleborus spp.
Hellebores are early-blooming perennials with elegant, cup-shaped flowers that appear in winter and spring. They symbolize hope, renewal, and protection.