Carnation
Dianthus caryophyllus
Carnations are fragrant, ruffled flowers with a spicy scent. They symbolize love, fascination, and distinction, making them popular for bouquets and special occasions.
Caryophyllaceae (Pink family)
Late spring to fall (May-October), with peak bloom in summer
Symbolism & Meanings
Key Meanings
Perfect For
Color Meanings
Cultural Significance
Ohio state flower and January birth flower. In Christian tradition, carnations are associated with the Virgin Mary. Victorian flower language used different colors to convey specific messages.Botanical Information
Physical Characteristics
Natural Habitat
Growing Guide
Sunlight
Full sun (6+ hours) for best flowering and sturdy stems
Water
Moderate water; avoid waterlogged conditions and overhead watering
Soil
Well-drained, Alkaline, Sandy loam, pH 6.0-7.5
Expert Growing Tips
Pinch growing tips to encourage branching and more flowers
Deadhead spent blooms to promote continuous flowering
Provide good air circulation to prevent fungal diseases
Stake tall varieties to prevent stem breakage
Mulch around plants but keep mulch away from stems
Uses & Benefits
Ornamental Uses
- Cut flowers with excellent vase life
- Border plantings and flower beds
- Container gardening
- Boutonnières and corsages
- Mass plantings for color
Traditional Uses
- Historically used in herbal teas for digestive issues
- Essential oils used in aromatherapy for stress relief
- Traditional use for fever reduction (not scientifically proven)
Disclaimer: Information provided is for educational purposes only. Consult healthcare professionals before using any plant medicinally.
Further Reading
Frequently Asked Questions about the Carnation
What do carnations symbolize?
Carnations symbolize love, fascination, and distinction. Different colors have specific meanings - pink represents gratitude and motherly love, while red signifies deep love and admiration.
Are carnations perennials or annuals?
Carnations are perennials in their native Mediterranean climate and can be grown as perennials in zones 7-10, though they're often treated as annuals in colder regions.
How long do carnations last as cut flowers?
Carnations have excellent longevity as cut flowers, typically lasting 7-14 days in a vase with proper care and fresh water changes.
When do carnations bloom?
Carnations bloom from late spring through fall (May-October), with peak flowering in summer. Regular deadheading promotes continuous blooming.
What colors do carnations come in?
Carnations come in white, pink, red, yellow, purple, orange, green, and bicolor varieties, including striped and speckled patterns.
Available Colors
Quick Facts
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