Calochortus
Calochortus spp. (various species)
Calochortus, known as Mariposa Lily, is a genus of exquisite bulbous perennials native to western North America. The tulip-like flowers come in stunning colors with intricate markings, blooming in spring and early summer.
Liliaceae (Lily family)
Spring to early summer (April-July depending on species and elevation)
Symbolism & Meanings
Key Meanings
Perfect For
Color Meanings
Similar flowers: lily (true lily)s and roses also share similar meanings.
Cultural Significance
Calochortus holds deep significance in western North American history and culture. The Sego Lily (Calochortus nuttallii) is the state flower of Utah and saved Mormon pioneers from starvation in 1848-1849 when their crops failed. The name "Mariposa" means "butterfly" in Spanish, referring to the delicate, butterfly-wing-like petals. Many species are now rare due to habitat loss, making them symbols of conservation. The intricate petal markings and colors have inspired artists and wildflower enthusiasts for generations.Shop Our Floral Collection
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Physical Characteristics
Natural Habitat
Growing Guide
Sunlight
Full sun to light shade; most species prefer full sun
Water
Moderate moisture during spring growth; must be kept completely dry during summer dormancy
Soil
Well-drained, Sandy to loamy, Gravelly, Neutral to slightly alkaline pH, Dry in summer
Expert Growing Tips
Plant bulbs in fall, 3-4 inches deep
CRITICAL: Must remain completely dry during summer dormancy or bulbs will rot
Difficult to grow outside native range without perfect drainage
Best suited to Mediterranean climates with dry summers
In rainy summer climates, lift bulbs after flowering and store dry
Or grow in raised beds, rock gardens with excellent drainage
Many species are challenging even for experienced gardeners
Do not water after foliage dies back in late spring
Mulch not recommended as it retains moisture
Deer and rodent resistant
Some species (Sego Lily - C. nuttallii) have cultural significance to Native Americans
Uses & Benefits
Ornamental Uses
- Rock gardens
- Native plant gardens
- Naturalistic meadow plantings
- Bulb gardens
- Containers (alpine species)
- Dry summer gardens
- Wildflower gardens
Traditional Uses
- Bulbs of Sego Lily (Calochortus nuttallii) were important food source for Native American tribes
- Bulbs eaten raw or cooked by Great Basin and Western tribes
- Provided critical nutrition during famine (Mormon pioneers)
- Bulbs have sweet, potato-like flavor
- Some species were used medicinally by indigenous peoples
- Modern foraging not recommended - most species are rare or protected
Disclaimer: Information provided is for educational purposes only. Consult healthcare professionals before using any plant medicinally.
Further Reading
Frequently Asked Questions about the Calochortus
why are calochortus hard to grow
Calochortus are challenging because they require completely dry conditions during summer dormancy — in areas with summer rain, bulbs rot unless lifted and stored dry or grown in perfect drainage.
can you eat calochortus bulbs
Historically, Native Americans ate Sego Lily (Calochortus nuttallii) bulbs which saved Mormon pioneers from starvation — however, modern foraging is not recommended as most species are rare or protected.
when do mariposa lilies bloom
Mariposa Lilies bloom in spring to early summer (April-July depending on species and elevation) — after blooming, foliage dies back and bulbs go dormant through dry summer.
are calochortus deer resistant
Yes, Calochortus are generally deer and rodent resistant — the bulbs and foliage are not palatable to browsing animals, making them good choices for native gardens with wildlife.
Available Colors
Quick Facts
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