Thistle
Cirsium species (and others)
Thistles are spiny wildflowers with globe-shaped purple, pink, or white flower heads. Despite their prickly nature, they symbolize protection, resilience, and nobility, and serve as Scotland's national flower.
Asteraceae (Daisy family)
Summer to early fall (June-September)
Symbolism & Meanings
Key Meanings
Perfect For
Color Meanings
Similar flowers: sea hollys and heathers also share similar meanings.
Cultural Significance
The thistle is Scotland's national flower and appears on the Scottish coat of arms. Legend tells that thistle saved Scotland from invasion when Norse invaders stepped on the spiny plants barefoot and cried out, alerting the Scots. It represents the Scottish motto "Nemo me impune lacessit" (No one touches me with impunity).Botanical Information
Physical Characteristics
Natural Habitat
Growing Guide
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade
Water
Low to moderate; drought tolerant once established
Soil
Well-drained, Poor soils tolerated, Clay, Sandy, Neutral to alkaline (pH 6.5-8.0)
Expert Growing Tips
Wear gloves when handling due to sharp spines
Deadhead to prevent excessive self-seeding
Many species are excellent for attracting butterflies and bees
Some varieties can be invasive - check local recommendations
Cut back after flowering to encourage second bloom
Uses & Benefits
Ornamental Uses
- Wildlife and pollinator gardens
- Naturalized meadow plantings
- Architectural garden features
- Dried flower arrangements
- Native plant landscaping
Traditional Uses
- Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) used for liver health
- Various species used traditionally for digestive issues
- Seeds of some species are edible and nutritious
Disclaimer: Information provided is for educational purposes only. Consult healthcare professionals before using any plant medicinally.
Further Reading
Frequently Asked Questions about the Thistle
what does the thistle symbolize in Scotland
In Scotland, the thistle symbolizes protection, resilience, and defiance — legend says it saved Scotland from Norse invaders who stepped on the spiny plants.
are thistles good for wildlife
Yes, thistles are excellent for wildlife — they provide nectar for butterflies and bees, and seeds for goldfinches and other birds.
when do thistle flowers bloom
Most thistles bloom from summer to early fall (June through September) — producing their distinctive spiny, globular flower heads.
are all thistles invasive
Not all thistles are invasive — while some non-native species can be problematic, many native thistles are valuable wildflowers that support local ecosystems.
Available Colors
Quick Facts
Share This Flower
Explore More Beautiful Flowers
Discover other flowers with similar meanings, characteristics, or cultural significance.
Sea Holly
Eryngium maritimum
Sea Holly is a distinctive coastal plant with spiky blue-silver flowers and holly-like leaves. It symbolizes protection, independence, and attraction, with legendary aphrodisiac properties.
Heather
Calluna vulgaris
Heather is a low-growing evergreen shrub with tiny scale-like leaves and delicate pink flowers, symbolizing protection and solitude in rugged landscapes.
Saxifrage
Saxifraga species
Saxifrage is a delicate alpine flower that grows in rocky crevices and mountain slopes. It symbolizes perseverance, determination, and the ability to thrive in difficult conditions.